Imagine a farm that delivers stable, high yields regardless of extreme weather conditions while requiring significantly less labor. This isn't science fiction—it's the reality offered by dome-shaped plant factories. Farmers across Japan, including a Hiroshima-based agriculturalist (who requested anonymity), are showing keen interest in this innovative farming model. But what exactly makes these structures special, and what challenges do they present?
Traditional greenhouse lettuce production faces limitations from environmental factors. Dome-shaped plant factories, with their unique design and technology, can achieve double the yield of conventional methods—meaning greater economic value from the same land area.
Automated control systems significantly decrease manpower requirements. Planting and harvesting become more efficient, allowing even part-time workers to manage entire dome operations, substantially cutting labor expenses.
With increasing extreme weather events, dome farms equipped with pressure regulation systems maintain stable operations during typhoons, floods, or heatwaves, ensuring continuous crop growth and reliable annual production.
High-strength fluorine resin film (such as AGC's "F-Clean®") provides durability while blocking bacteria, viruses, and pests—reducing pesticide use and yielding healthier produce.
The circular design maximizes space utilization compared to traditional rectangular greenhouses. A 573m² dome demonstrates significantly higher productivity than conventional structures of equal size. The specialized film diffuses sunlight evenly throughout the dome, eliminating uneven lighting that hinders plant growth in standard greenhouses.
Substantial Initial Investment: Dome systems with circular water tanks require approximately ¥35 million (≈$320,000) in equipment—a significant sum for small farms. However, high productivity and low operational costs typically enable depreciation within 7-10 years.
Operational Costs: Annual electricity consumption reaches about ¥1 million (≈$9,000), with monthly water bills in the tens of thousands of yen. Strategic energy and water management can optimize these expenses.
Market Risks: Even with premium-quality produce, profitability depends on established sales channels. Thorough market analysis and distribution network development are essential before investment.
Dome farms developed by Grandpa System Engineering Co. operate successfully in diverse locations—from disaster-stricken Iwate Prefecture (following the 2011 earthquake) to Kanagawa's Hadano City and Gunma's Kusatsu City. Remarkably, these structures have even enabled lettuce production in the United Arab Emirates' extreme heat, demonstrating exceptional climate adaptability.
While dome farming shows tremendous potential, prospective investors should conduct comprehensive market research and risk assessment. Developing detailed operational plans and partnering with experienced manufacturers can help build profitable, sustainable modern farms.
For agricultural businesses with existing distribution networks—like our Hiroshima-based farmer—dome systems present a compelling opportunity to enhance productivity while future-proofing operations against climate volatility.
